ABSTRACT:
Obesity is an important risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. The change of life style plays very important role for management of overweight and obesity and related cardiovascular risk factors. Patients need to acquire and adopt these changes. The aim our study was to screen practices for overweight and obese patients, to decrease their cardiovascular risk and prevent development cardiovascular diseases. 2489 overweight patients have been screened from 29 general practices since April of 2001. The authors surveyed their characteristics of life style: eating and exercise habits measured body mass index, waistline, rest blood pressure, heart rate and plasma glucose level, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL after a 12-hour fasting . A team, which consisted of an internist, a dietitian and a physical instructor dealt with patients. After ruling out secondary obesity the team tailored an individual life-style which focused on dietary interventions ( low calorie diet ) and increased physical activity. 12 months later the body mass index decreased significantly by 0,56 kg/m2 on average and further 0,088 kg/m2 by the end of the second year, the waistline first did not change significantly then decreased 0,04 cm. The rest systolic blood pressure cut down significantly on average 5,9 Hgmm in the first year, and more 0,11 Hgmm by the end of second year, the rest diastolic blood pressure did not change significantly. The metabolic parameters also decreased significantly: total cholesterol 0,23mmol/l in the first year, 0,07 mmol/l in the second year, triglicerid: 0,18 mmol/l; 0,08 mmol/l, blood glucose: 0,15 mmol/l; 0,19 mmol/l. The level of HDL did not change. It is very important for management of overweight and obesity that patients adopt changes of life style. The authors’ results show that these patients must be followed very strictly.
