Prevalence of a sensory over a behavioral predictor in Drosophila yaw torque learning
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ABSTRACT:
The weights and relationship of operant and classical components in associative learning are investigated. Fixed flying Drosophila at the torque meter modulate their yaw torque over a wide range attempting to turn right and left. A behavior (B, the domain of yaw torque corresponding to left or right turns) and a stimulus (CS, one of two colors) are arranged to coincide with reinforcement (US, heat). This composite B+CS+US training is more effective than pure B+US training in which only the yaw torque domain is coupled to heat without a color cue. The individual contributions of the CS-US (classical) and the B-US (operant) associations in the composite training are assessed by disjoining the components after training and testing them separately. Only the classical but not the operant association is detectable, excluding the possibility that operant and classical associations are equivalent. However, rearranging the contingencies between colors and yaw torque in the test reveals that the behavior has entered into the association with the US during the composite training but is accessible only as B-CS compound in the subsequent memory test.
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