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ABSTRACT:
Anticipating the future has a decided evolutionary advantage and many evolutionarily conserved mechanisms have been found by which humans and animals learn to predict future events. The marine snail Aplysia has been at the forefront of research into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of classical conditioning. Recently, it has also gained a reputation as a valuable model system for operant reward learning. Aplysia feeding behavior can be operantly conditioned in the intact animal as well as in reduced preparations of the nervous system. The reward signal relies on dopamine transmission and acts on known intracellular cascades to bring about operant memory in an identified neuron.
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