Seeing more than meets the eye: processing of illusory contours in animals
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CONTRIBUTORS:
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JOURNAL:
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YEAR:
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2002
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PUB TYPE:
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Journal Article
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SUBJECT(S):
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Visual perception, Perceptual completion, Subjective contours, Figure-ground segregation, Second-order contours, Single-unit responses
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DISCIPLINE:
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Psychology
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HTTP:
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LANGUAGE:
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English
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PUB ID:
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103-422-626
(Last edited on
2005/12/29 06:18:39 US/Mountain)
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SPONSOR(S):
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ABSTRACT:
This review article illustrates that mammals,
birds and insects are able to perceive illusory contours.
Illusory contours lack a physical counterpart, but monkeys, cats, owls and bees perceive them as if they were
real borders. In all of these species, a neural correlate for such perceptual completion phenomena has been
described. The robustness of neuronal responses and the
abundance of cells argue that such neurons might indeed
represent a neural correlate for illusory contour percep-
tion. The internal state of an animal subject (i.e.,alert
and behaving) seems to be an important factor when
correlating neural activity with perceptual phenomena.
The fact that the neural network necessary for illusory
contour perception has been found in relatively early
visual brain areas in all tested animals suggests that
bottom-up processing is largely sufficient to explain such
perceptual abilities. However,recent findings in monkeys
indicate that feedback loops within the visual system may
provide additional modulation. The detection of illusory
contours by independently evolved visual systems argues
that processing of edges in the absence of contrast gradients reflects fundamental visual constraints and not
just an artifact of visual processing.
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