Directional Harmonic Theory: A Computational Gestalt Model to Account for Illusory Contour and Vertex Formation
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ABSTRACT:
Gestalt theory reveals a holistic global aspect of perception which is difficult to account for either in computational or in neurophysiological terms. Elsewhere I have presented a minor but significant extension to the Temporal Correlation Hypothesis (Singer & 1995, Singer 1999) in the Harmonic Resonance Theory (Lehar 1999). I propose that the synchrony observed between cortical neurons is not a signal in its own right communicated from cell to cell, but rather it is a manifestation of a larger standing wave pattern that spans the cortical region in question, and that the structure of the standing wave encodes certain aspects of the structure of the perceived object or grouping percept. This concept is elaborated here in the more specific Directional Harmonic Model, that accounts for a variety of diverse perceptual grouping phenomena that have been difficult to address using neural network concepts. Computer simulations of the Directional Harmonic model show that it can account for both collinear contours as observed in the Kanizsa figure, orthogonal contours as seen in the Ehrenstein illusion, and a number of illusory vertex percepts composed of two, three, or more illusory contours that meet in a variety of configurations.
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