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CONTRIBUTORS:
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JOURNAL:
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Psychologie et Histoire,
1(??),
208 -
232.
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YEAR:
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2000
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PUB TYPE:
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Journal Article
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SUBJECT(S):
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G. E. Müller, memory, psychology
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DISCIPLINE:
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Psychology
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HTTP:
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LANGUAGE:
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English
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PUB ID:
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103-413-456
(Last edited on
2005/03/05 11:43:26 US/Mountain)
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SPONSOR(S):
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ABSTRACT:
This article provides a summary of the contents of the long monograph on human memory published by G. E. Müller (1850-1934) in three parts (1911, 1913, 1917). Müller had already introduced the memory drum, the paired-syllable technique, and the theoretical concepts of retroactive inhibition, perseveration, and consolidation into memory research. In his three-part monograph, Müller provided a psychological account of human memorizing based both upon first-person accounts and upon experimentally obtained data; no attempt was made to speculate about mathematical or neurophysiological aspects of memory theory. The account is particularly interesting because of Müller’s discussions of the roles of grouping and organizing during the course of learning by heart; his insistence that memory can best be understood by describing the thought processes experienced by an expert mnemonist (G. Rückle); and his discussions of the topics we now name serial position effects, source memory, and confidence ratings. He introduced the term ‘affective transformation’ to refer to the way in which individual details get emphasized and transformed in the course of successive retrievals. He also discussed a ‘convergence principle’, according to which, as memories become increasingly unclear (for whatever reason), they also become increasingly difficult to distinguish from each other. His influence on later writings is briefly discussed.
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