The Worldview Assessment Instrument (WAI): The development and preliminary validation of an instrument to assess world view components relevant to counseling and psychotherapy
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CONTRIBUTORS:
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UNIVERSITY / COLLEGE:
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YEAR:
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2000
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PUB TYPE:
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Thesis/Dissertation
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PAGES:
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17,
501 p.
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SUBJECT(S):
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worldview; world view; psychometrics
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DISCIPLINE:
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Psychology
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HTTP:
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LANGUAGE:
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English
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PUB ID:
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103-407-445
(Last edited on
2004/09/11 17:57:36 GMT-6)
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SPONSOR(S):
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ABSTRACT:
The purpose of this study was the development and preliminary validation of the Worldview. Assessment Instrument (WAI), which assesses selected components of world view belief systems that are relevant to counseling and psychotherapy. Chapter I describes the world view construct and its importance within psychology. Chapter II summarizes conceptualizations of the construct in the work of Freud, Kluckhohn, and Sue. After reviewing recommendations by Bergin, Sue, Trevino, and Triandis, six dimensions of world view were selected for scale development, including beliefs concerning: mutability of human nature, agency (voluntarism-determinism), locus of responsibility, relation to authority, relation to group (individualism-collectivism), and metaphysics (ontological spiritualism-materialism). Relevant instruments are reviewed. Chapter III describes the instrument development process. Five studies involving 709 participants from four U.S. states are described. Chapter IV reports results for Study 5, which developed the final WAI scales. Intercorrelations for scales (derived through item-score-level factor analysis) are low, suggesting orthogonality. Scales demonstrate adequate reliability. Scale-score-level factor analysis revealed three higher-order factors. In Chapter V, the project is assessed. Further validation procedures and improvements are suggested. The Voluntarist and Spiritualist skews of the sample are discussed, addressing relevance for counseling and psychotherapy. Extensive recommendations are made for using the WAI in counseling and psychotherapy research, in both "generic" and multicultural models. Appendix A contains an extended literature review of theorists addressing world view, including Freud, Jung, Pepper, Kluckhohn, Kelly, Stace, Royce, Wrightsman, Lerner, Maslow, Coan, and Sue. Relevant instrumentation is discussed. Appendix B presents a model of the components of the world view construct, collating dimensions mentioned in the literature. Appendixes G and H contain a ready-to-administer WAI protocol and scoring key. Appendix I makes further recommendations for using the WAI in research, regarding: counselor/therapist training; health psychology; multicultural psychology; educational, developmental, personality, and social psychology; abnormal psychology and psychopathology; psychology of religion and transpersonal psychology; peace psychology; and, metapsychology and the search for unifying perspectives. Appendix J presents a preliminary formal theory of world view, placing the construct in relation to behavior and other aspects of the perceiving and acting individual.
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