Dark Islands: Speciation Dynamics in a Hawai'ian Cave Planthopper
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CONTRIBUTORS:
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CONFERENCE TITLE:
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CONF. LOCATION:
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None
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YEAR:
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2003
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PUB TYPE:
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Conference Paper
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SUBJECT(S):
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speciation dynamics
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DISCIPLINE:
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Biology
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HTTP:
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http://www.eseb.org/
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LANGUAGE:
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English
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PUB ID:
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103-397-634
(Last edited on
2003/12/05 07:17:30 US/Mountain)
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SPONSOR(S):
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ABSTRACT:
The cave ecosystems of Hawai'i Island provides a long sought-after model system for speciation dynamics. Spatially structured populations with different degrees of separation and isolation allow us to incorporate population structure and migration into models of speciation.
Ongoing studies of the obligate cave-dwelling and highly troglomorphic planthopper Oliarus polyphemus revealed a young species-subspecies complex in a dynamic stage of divergence. Migration dynamics driven by succession of caves and formation of new habitats by active volcanism up to the present led to a sequence of founder events. The serial colonization of new lava flows results in the development of naturally occurring "replicates" (population ages range from 5000 to 20 years), through which we can observe divergence and genetic change at different stages, within the same taxon, and even within the same habitat.
Phylobiogeographical patterns in combination with analyses of behavioural, morphometrical and genetic variation point toward incipient speciation by founder effect. Given that founder effect concepts are subject to review by natural model systems the Oliarus polyphemus study provides needed information. Particularly the differentiation in mating behaviour, especially in the structure of substrate-borne mating songs, gives us the opportunity to model and test the influence of sexual selection to genetic change. The morphometrical and genetic data support the founder effect theory by founder flush sensu HL Carson.
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