Effect of immersion on lung capacities and volumes: implications for the densitometric estimation of relative body fat
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CONTRIBUTORS:
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JOURNAL:
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YEAR:
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1989
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PUB TYPE:
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Journal Article
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SUBJECT(S):
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ADIPOSE-TISSUE; EVALUATION; LUNG; DENSITOMETRY; MAN; RESIDUAL-VOLUME; TIDAL-VOLUME; BODY-DENSITY; IMMERSION
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DISCIPLINE:
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No discipline assigned
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HTTP:
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LANGUAGE:
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English
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PUB ID:
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103-366-284
(Last edited on
2002/02/27 18:45:01 US/Mountain)
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SPONSOR(S):
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ABSTRACT:
Immersion of 18 male subjects in water caused a 20.4 percent increase in the mean inspiratory capacity (IC) whereas there were no changes in tidal volume (VT) and the frequency of respiration. All the means for the other pulmonary variables decreased by varying amounts: total lung capacity (TLC)=8.4 percent, vital capacity (VC)=5.5 percent, functional residual capacity (FRC)=42.6 percent, expiratory reserve volume (ERV)=61.9 percent and residual volume (RV)=19.7 percent. Variation of only the RV in the body density (BD) formula from which the percentage body fat (percent BF) is estimated resulted in a significantly lower mean of 15.2 percent BF for the RV in air compared with that of 17.1 percent BF for the RV in water. All but one of the subjects exhibited a smaller RV in water than in air; the six largest differences were equivalent to 2.4-5.1 percent BF. These results indicate that the net effect of the hydrostatic pressure (decreases RV), pulmonary vascular engorgement (decreases RV) and diminished compliance (decreases RV) is to reduce the ventilated RV. It is therefore advisable to measure the RV when the subject is immersed in order to minimize error in the determination of BD and hence the estimation of percent BF.
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