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CONTRIBUTORS:
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JOURNAL:
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YEAR:
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1989
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PUB TYPE:
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Journal Article
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SUBJECT(S):
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BASKETBALL; WOMAN; FREE-THROW; HEART-RATE; RITUAL; BEHAVIOUR
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DISCIPLINE:
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No discipline assigned
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HTTP:
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LANGUAGE:
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English
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PUB ID:
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103-366-280
(Last edited on
2002/02/27 18:45:02 US/Mountain)
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SPONSOR(S):
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ABSTRACT:
The purpose of this study was to determine the nature and effect of certain highly patterned behaviours utilized prior to free-throw shooting in basketball. Ten female basketball players comprising the varsity squad of Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas, USA served as subjects for this study. Subjects were filmed with a high-speed camera and monitored for heart rate during the performance of 10 free throws in each of two conditions: rituall and non-rituall. For the ritual condition, subjects were given unlimited time and freedom of movement prior to each free-throw attempt. Forthe non-rituall condition, subjects were not restricted by time, but were instructed to shoot the ball without utilizing any movements other than those required to project the ball to the goal. Dependent measures were characteristics of behaviours, physiological changes measured by heart rates, mechanical data (speed, height and angle of release), and number of successful attempts. Condition x trials analyses of variance and low standard deviation concerning characteristics of behaviours indicated that the idiosyncratic behaviours prior to free-throw shooting were ritualls of the auto-communicative type. Results indicated no significant difference between conditions for free-throw success. However, partial correlation between dependent measures and successful free-throw attempts indicated that duration of behaviours was most crucial to free-throw shooting success. Determines the nature and effect of certain highly patterned behaviours utilized prior to free-throw shooting in basketball. Female basketball players (n=10) comprising the varsity squad of Texas Christian University, USA, are filmed and monitored for heart rate during the performance of ten free throws in each of two conditions: ritual and non-ritual. For the ritual condition, subjects are given unlimited time and freedom of movement prior to each free-throw attempt. For the non-ritual condition, subjects are not restricted by time, but are instructed to shoot the ball without utilizing any movements other than those required to project the ball to the goal. Records characteristics of behaviours, physiological changes, and number of successful attempts. Analyses indicate that the idiosyncratic behaviours prior to free-throw shooting are rituals of the auto-communicative type. Results indicate no significant difference between conditions for free-throw success, but show that duration of behaviours is most crucial to free-throw shooting success.
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