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ABSTRACT:
Cognitive style is a stable, relatively permanent disposition that reflects a person's preferences for receiving, processing, and responding to external input. Presently, no psychological instrument exists that ascertains the cognitive style of competitive athletes. The purpose of this exploratory study was to re-examine the cognitive style construct as it relates to competitive sport. Two dimensions (internal and external) and six sub-dimensions were tested. Internal sub-dimensions consisted of perception, personal dispositions, and affect. External sub-dimensions included social needs, behavioral tendencies, and environmental features. Each of these factors was represented in a 143-item inventory referred to as the Cognitive Style in Sport Inventory (CSSI), that was generated for this study. Participants (N = 562, ages, 11-17 yrs) were competitive athletes from Australia and New Zealand. Confirmatory factor analysis reduced the CSSI to 69 items and indicated that the emergent factor structure needed further investigation. This was done with an exploratory factor analysis which indicated general support for 39 items that represented the six sub-dimensions. While additional research in examining the conceptual framework is warranted, this early study has uncovered evidence for individual differences in the cognitive styles of adolescent sports competitors.
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