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ABSTRACT:
Investigators mailed surveys to 1175 Rugby Union referees from Wales, Scotland, and England and received responses from 682. The average age of respondents was 41 years; their average refereeing experience was 8.5 years. Thirty-eight referees (5.6%) reported they had been assaulted while officiating. There were no significant differences among percentages of referees reporting assaults from Wales (8%), Scotland (5.7%), and England (4.6%). Forty-two percent of the assaults were minor, such as pushing or grabbing, but 47% were more serious, such as punching or choking. Players were the most common assailants. Seventy-nine percent of assaults occurred during adult competitions; 84% of assailants were adults. Referees reported that alcohol was a factor in 21% of assaults. There was a significant relationship between seriousness of the assault and seriousness of the consequence, but 37% of all assailants, and 23% of those involved in serious assaults, were not punished. Data suggest that assaults of rugby referees are not rare, that some of the asaults are serious, and that consequences for these assaults are inconsistent, but assaults of rugby referees are not as common as assaults of baseball and basketball officials surveyed in other studies.
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