Type A/B behavior pattern and athletic participation: attitudes and actual behavior
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ABSTRACT:
Habitual exercise has many known positive effects on both physical and psychological health. Despite this, the number of individuals in the general population who regularly exercise has been reported to be low and even declining during recent years. Several different motivational factors have been suggested to influence exercise participation and adherence, among these are the Type A behavior pattern. Since Type As allegedly are at larger risk for cardiovascular diseases than others, the benefits of regular physical exercise may be especially important for these individuals. In the present study, 155 participants completed questionnaires in order to survey both their attitudes toward athletic participation and their actual exercise behavior. Type As reported themselves to be more positive towards athletic engagement, especially at competition and elite levels of participation than did either the Type B or Type X groups. Among the three groups, nonsignificant differences were found in relation to their reported participation in physical activity. Significantly more Type As did, however, engage in physical exercise. The more positive attitudes held by the Type As towards competitive and elite sports, and their greater engagement in physical exercise, do offer an explanation to earlier findings, in particular that Type A individuals dominate among athletes at higher levels, and especially among elite athletes.
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