Situational and intrapersonal moderators of sport competition state anxiety
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ABSTRACT:
The primary purpose of the present study was to compare cognitive and somatic competitive state anxiety levels between team and individual sport athletes while controling for sport factors and individual differences. A secondary purpose was to examine birth order (i.e., whether one is the oldest, second born, youngest etc. in a family) as a moderator of competitive state anxiety, as this factor may affect the relationship between the team/individual sport situation and competitive state anxiety. Thirty-one female figure skaters completed the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2; Martens et al., 1990) prior to an individual freeskating event and again prior to a team precision skating event. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that athletes' birth order moderated their anxiety levels in team/individual sport situations. That is, only later born athletes manifested less cognitive and somatic anxiety in the team event (M's = 13.08 an 13.00, respectively) relative to the individual event (M's=18.77 and 18.46, respectively). These results are discussed in terms of social-cognitive and sport socialization factors which may influence perceptions of the team sport situation, and the tendency to experience sport competition anxiety.
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