Understanding participation in exercise and sport: an extended application of personal investment theory
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ABSTRACT:
This study investigated the efficacy of the constructs suggested by Personal Investment Theory for explaining both extent of participation in physical activity and means of participation. A survey quota sample of 211 adult respondents of both genders was selected to represent the population of both exercisers and non-exercisers. In the presence of trained interviewers, respondents completed a questionnaire that featured multiple measures of each of the PIT behavioral constructs, as well as standard measures of relevant demographics. Descriptive discriminant analyses and univariate ANOVAs first compared non-praticipants, light participants, and heavy participants, and then non-sports exercisers with those active in sports. The significant findings (p = .001) confirm the usefulness of 12 of the 15 Antecedents to Meaning and Meaning constructs, as well as demographics, for understanding extent and/or mode of participation. These findings imply that a full range of PIT constructs is useful for conducting research into exercise and sports participation.
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