Relationships among performance expectations, anxiety, and performance in collegiate volleyball players
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ABSTRACT:
Based on social cognitive theory (Bandura, 1986) and the model of performance expectations, anxiety, and performance developed by Krane, Williams, and Feltz (1992), this study further explored the relationships among anxiety, performance expectations, and athletic performance. Male and female collegiate volleyball players completed the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 immediately prior to and after each of three matches during a competitive tournament. This design allowed for the use of path analytical techniques to investigate the impact of precompetitive affect on performance as well as the impact of performance on postcompetitive and succeeding affect. Cognitive anxiety in females and males was the best predictor of state confidence (one measure of performance expectations), yet state confidence did not directly predict performance. Performance in immediately preceding matches indirectly influenced confidence, with cognitive anxiety as the mediating variable for females and males. Further, previous performance and perceived likelihood of team success predicted state cognitive and somatic anxiety for males and females. Previous performance was the most consistent predictor of subsequent male performance while there was no consistent pattern predicting female performance.
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