Hollander, Meyers and LeUnes (1995) Psychological factors associated with overtraining: implications for youth sport coaches

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Psychological factors associated with overtraining: implications for youth sport coaches

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CONTRIBUTORS:

	Author:	Hollander, D. B. (Southeastern Louisiana University)
	Author:	Meyers, M. C.
	Author:	LeUnes, A. (Texas A&M University College Station)

JOURNAL:

Journal of Sport Behavior (JSB), 18(1), 3 - 20.

YEAR:

1995

PUB TYPE:

Journal Article

SUBJECT(S):

psychology; sport; coaching; overtraining; review; adolescent; athlete

DISCIPLINE:

No discipline assigned

HTTP:

https://secure.sportquest.com/su.cfm?articleno=382719&title=382719

LANGUAGE:

English

PUB ID:

103-343-495 (Last edited on 2003/02/16 20:19:19 US/Mountain)

SPONSOR(S):

ABSTRACT:
The purpose of this review is to define physiological indices of overtraining, examine psychological factors involved with youth sports, and suggest corrective alternatives for coaches to avoid overtraining of youth athletes. Overtraining is common among athletes. Incremental stages of overtraining of youth athletes include (a) overreaching, (b) overtraining, (c) staleness, (d) burnout, and (e) injury/withdrawal. The body of literature which addressed overtraining has been primarily physiological. Physiological systems affected by overtraining have been both para-sympathetic and sympathetic processes. However, the consistency of these findings have been suspect and difficult to differentiate from normal training response. Identification of psychological factors however have been more consistent with a large body of investigation using psychometric instruments such as the Profile of Mood States. Psychological factors which effect overtraining include stress and susceptible personality characteristics. Overtraining may be avoided by providing a clear system of rewards and scheduling. Periodization training schedules, implementing psychological testing, and monitoring dietary intake can reduce the potential for overtraining. These suggestions require careful consideration by coaches for useful applications within their own sport situation. Often coaches have limited time and/or finances to implement elaborate screening and prevention programs. However, the syndromes associated with chronic training can cause lack of enjoyment for the participants and a failure to achieve desired effects for coaches. With increased awareness of these issues, a coach can provide a structured sport program that enhances the total sports experience of young athletes.

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