The effects of goals on the maintenance of exercise programs
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ABSTRACT:
This study evaluated goals with 96 females and 34 males who were involved in aerobic classes at a fitness center on their job site. Classes were conducted in a series of two month blocks, and therefore classes were formed with participants of various levels of continuous involvement in aerobic exercise. Questionnaires were completed at the start of classes and after two months. Ninety-three percent of the participants had goals for their exercise. The salience of these goals was evidenced by a 100 percent concordance between categories of goals participants indicated at the start and after two months of aerobics classes, and by predictable differences between beginning versus experienced exercisers. Beginners rated the achievement of goals as more distal, and the percentage of their goals already accomplish increased across the two month aerobics class. Participants that rated goals as more influential and likely of being achieved had higher attendance rates in aerobics classes two months after making these ratings. These results occurred irrespective of the content or number of goals identified by participants. Traditional approaches to the maintenance of behavior change have involved external interventions in the form of continued monitoring, social support, and changes in general life style. This study pointed to the importance of internal goals in addition to focusing on conditions external to the individual.
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