Effect of internal and external imagery on cricket performance
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ABSTRACT:
The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the effectiveness of an internal versus external imagery training program on performance of cricket bowlers (pitchers). Subjects (N=64) were high school students involved in a cricket studies curriculum. Based on baseline assessments of bowling (pitching) performance, subjects were matched and then randomly assigned to one of three conditions, (a) internal imagery training, (b) external imagery training, (c) control. Both internal and external imagery training groups received 10 minutes of training specific to their condition prior to each of six physical practice sessions over a three week period. After practicing their use of internal and external imagery during physical practice, each of six physical practice sessions over a three week period. After practicing their use of internal and external imagery during physical practice, each subject was instructed to use his specific imagery orientation prior to the performance of 12 pitches at the end of each of the six practice sessions. Control subjects simply viewed instructional videos for 10 minutes prior to each practice with no mention of imagery. Results from a 3 (imagery condition) X 6 (days) X 3(blocks of trials) revealed that although all groups improved over time, there were no significant performance differences between the imagery groups. Results from the postexperimental questionnaire indicated that although subjects did practice and utilize their specific imagery orientation, approximately 50 percent found themselves switching between internal and external imagery. Results are discussed in terms of the instability of imagery orientation and future directions for research are offered.
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