Children and running: changes in physical fitness, self-efficacy, and health locus of control
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ABSTRACT:
Using 124 children enrolled in fourth and fifth grade classes, psychological and physical effects of a consistent aerobic exercise program for children were evaluated. Classes were randomly assigned to either regular physical education or a program which included three days per week of aerobic training for eight weeks. Physical fitness measurements such as skin fold body fat, resting pulse, and 800 meter run time were taken in addition to pre and post psychological measures and for selected subjects a six month follow-up was conducted. Results indicated the running group had lower resting pulse and higher running self-efficacy scores at the end of the program. Type A scores, parents' activity level, and body fat scores were correlated with run times. After six months most differences between groups had disappeared. However, the running group evidenced higher Health Locus of Control scores.
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