Effects of association and dissociation on effort perception
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ABSTRACT:
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of various association and dissociation strategies on perceived exertion. Forty-four college females were randomly divided and completed a 15-minute cycle ergometer exercise at 60 percent VO2max. The subjects either worked in an unfilled control condition (C), a condition where they were asked to associate (A), a condition where they were given an internal dissociation task (ID), or a condition where they were externally dissociated by talking (ED). Immediately following the exercise the subjects were administered Borg's scale of perceived exertion (RPE) and Kinsman, Weiser, and Stamper's physical activity questionnaire (PAQ). One way ANOVA indicated no differences in heart rate but showed a significant RPE effect, (F(3,40) = 3.902, p = 0.016). Sheffe post hoc tests indicated that A subjects had a significantly higher (p less than 0.05) RPE value (15.4) than subjects in the ID group (12.0). Subscales of the PAQ were analyzed via MANOVA resulting in an overall significant finding (2 = 0.581, p = 0.011). Subsequent Roy-Bargman step down tests showed that the overall significant MANOVA was primarily a function of the PAQ's physical fatigue scale which corroborated the RPE results. Results indicate that focusing on internal stimuli may increase effort perception while focusing on ancillary tasks (dissociation) may decrease effort perception.
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