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ABSTRACT:
This study was conducted to collect descriptive data on the practice behaviors of elite athletes and their coaches. Twelve elite archers and experienced coaches were observed during one-on-one practice sessions. Data were collected from audiotape records, using event recording and duration recording. Variables studied focused on how time was spent by archers, their practice engagement patterns, and skill related feedback patterns by coaches. Results showed coaches to provide predominantly positive feedback with general and specific feedback occurring at a one to one ratio. Nearly 50 percent of all shots were followed immediately by coaches' feedback. Archers spent nearly 50 percent of the practice time retrieving arrows. When completing shooting cycles, shots were made at a rate of 2.21 per minute. Several significant correlations were found between coaches' feedback patterns and the archers' practice pattern. For example, negative correlations were found between the archers' shot rates and the percentage of shots immediately followed by feedback (r=69) as well as between higher rates of positive skill feedback and shot rates (r=61).
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