A survey of elite athletes on the perceived causes of using banned drugs in sport
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ABSTRACT:
Attempts to control, if not eliminate, the illegal use of drugs among athletes has gained increasing momentum in recent years. Although sport organizations and government bodies have attempted to examine the extent of drug use, while providing increasingly harsh penalties, research into understanding the cuases of drug use among athletes remains scant, particularly with respect to recreational drug use. The purpose of this survey was to investigate the causes of using two categories of drugs: One category that purportedly enhances sport performance, and the category often referred to as "recreational" (mind-altering) drugs. A personal interview was conducted with 126 elite male and female athletes from the United States representing nine sports. Questions were aimed at ascertaining known use of drugs for the purposes of enhancing performance or "recreation" (hallucinogens). The responses were placed into one of three categories of causes:" physical, psychological/emotional, and social. The results indicated, not surprisingly, that reasons for using performance enhancing drugs differed from the recreational variety. The primary causes of drug use in sport included "the need to be competitive", "increase strength", "reduce pain", "relax", "control weight", "overcome boredom", "curiosity/to have fun", and "cope with stress".
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