A review of validity issues in sport psychological research: types, problems, solutions
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ABSTRACT:
The present review examines a variety of validity issues that impact the value of sports research. Four types of validity commonly addressed in quasi-experimentation (construct, conclusion, internal, external) are described in detail, and relevant examples of validity problems and potential solutions for current sport psychological research are discussed. Construct validity is discussed relative to assessment tools, performance criteria, treatment, samples, and settings. Conclusion validity looks at various sources of Type II error including insufficiently powerful treatments, small samples sizes and excessively homogeneous samples. Internal validity addresses the issues of selection and maturation in predictive research. External validity examines the problems of generalizing across sports, gender, and ability level. The author concludes that it is the responsibility of the investigators to conduct a careful analysis of the goals and requirements of each piece of research and to decide which validity issues are most important in order to minimize validity problems and maximize the value or the subsequent findings. Examines the critical validity issues related to sport psychological research. Describes in detail four types of validity commonly addressed in quasi-experimentation: construct, conclusion, internal, and external. Discusses relevant examples of validity problems, as well as potential solutions, from current sport psychological research. Concludes that investigators are responsible for conducting a careful analysis of the goals and requirements of each piece of research, and deciding which validity issues are most important, in order to minimize validity problems and maximize the value of subsequent findings.
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