Structural and philosophical differences in women's intercollegiate sport programs and the sport experience of athletes
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ABSTRACT:
This study examined the orientations of female intercollegiate athletes who participated in two contrasting sport structures. Taking into consideration the changes brought about by Title IX and the NCAA takeover of women's intercollegiate sport, the sample consisted of 181 female athletes who participated in intercollegiate sport programs in the 1970s and 154 athletes who participated in the early 1980s. It was hypothesized that general structural and philosophical differences in the sport programs characterizing each of these two periods would be related to various aspects of the intercollegiate sport experience of athletes. Findings are discussed with reference to the specific structural and philosophical differences which existed between the sport programs of female intercollegiate athletes of the 1970s and 1980s. Such differences included the introduction of athletic scholarships and athlete recruitment, increased expectations for program success, expansion of individual sport programs, higher skill and performance levels, and merger of men's and women's athletic departments and sport governing bodies. Examines the value orientations of female intercollegiate athletes, participating in two contrasting sport structures, toward their sport experience. Compares athletes (n=181) who participated in intercollegiate sport programs in the 1970s with athletes (n=154) who participated in the early 1980s on the following components of the intercollegiate sport experience: 1) structural characteristics of the program, 2) reasons for selection of a university, 3) reasons for college sport participation, 4) perceived outcomes of college sport participation, and 5) reactions to the intercollegiate sport experience. Results indicate that the two groups differ significantly in all five categories. Discusses the findings with reference to the changes brought about by Title IX and the NCAA takeover of women's intercollegiate sport.
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