Lee (1985) Self-esteem and social identity in basketball fans: a closer look at basking-in-reflected glory

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Self-esteem and social identity in basketball fans: a closer look at basking-in-reflected glory

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CONTRIBUTORS:

Author:

Lee, M. J. (University of Brighton)

JOURNAL:

Journal of Sport Behavior (JSB), 8(4), 210 - 223.

YEAR:

1985

PUB TYPE:

Journal Article

SUBJECT(S):

self-esteem; attitude; behaviour; spectator; group-dynamics; basketball; university; young-adult; man; survey; social-behaviour

DISCIPLINE:

No discipline assigned

HTTP:

https://secure.sportquest.com/su.cfm?articleno=177476&title=177476

LANGUAGE:

English

PUB ID:

103-343-306 (Last edited on 2006/03/13 11:11:09 US/Mountain)

SPONSOR(S):

ABSTRACT:
Ingroup favoritism occurs when members of a group express more positive sentiments towards that group which forms part of their social identity than to others. The attitudes and behaviors of sports fans are good examples of this phenomenon. This study sought to examine these ideas in a field setting using sports reference groups. A measure of the salience (importance) of a university basketball team was obtained during telephone interviews with 223 male undergraduates who were then subjected to success/failure experiences on a university related questionnaire. Subjects were then asked to describe a favorable or an unfavorable game played by the team. Ingroup favoritism was defined by the use of the affiliative pronoun "we" when referring to the team. There was an effect due to the stimulus game which was attributed to the identifying characteristics of the teams involved. Significant differences in the rate of recall of game outcomes were related to personal success/failure and explained by the operation of ego-defense mechanisms. A significant difference between correlations of salience and pronoun usage under conditions of success/failure was explained by the use of different strategies to preserve self-esteem among unsuccessful subjects and altruistic behavior by successful subjects. The study indicates that self-esteem and ego-involvement are important variables in eliciting the expression of ingroup sentiments. Examined the processes by which the expression of identification with a sport team is determined. Interviewed 223 university undergraduates who answered questions on success/failure experiences and on favourable and unfavourable games played by the college basketball team. Found that significant differences in rate of recall of game outcomes were related to personal success/failure. There was a significant difference between correlations of salience and pronoun usage under conditions of success/failure. The study indicated that self esteem and ego involvement were important in eliciting the expression of ingroup sentiments.

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