Player violence and the social organization of contact sport
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ABSTRACT:
A positive relationship between specific social structural characteristics and rates of violent behavior has been found in a number of studies. Using these studies as a starting point it is argued that player violence in heavy contact sport is at least partially an outgrowth of the social organization of the sport teams themselves. Similar to the way in which the environment of a prison deprives inmates of opportunities to demonstrate their moral worth and personal adequacy, prove their adulthood and masculinity, and protect their physical well-being, the structure of sport teams confront athletes with a series of social psychological deprivations. An explanation of the meanings of the deprivations experienced by the athletes on heavy contact sport teams shows how physical violence comes to be identified with virtue and how individuals develop definitions of violence which are contrary to reason and well-being. Reviews literature which examines the relationship between specific social structural characteristics and rates of violent behaviour. Argues that play violence is at least a partial outgrowth of the social organization of the sport teams themselves. Contends that the structure of sport teams confronts athletes with a series of social psychological deprivations and that players attempt to cope with this problem through violence which establishes status, preserves self-esteem, and protects the players physical well-being.
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