The influence of altered blood volume and oxygen transport capacity on aerobic performance
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ABSTRACT:
Hemocrit (Hct), the 45 percent of the volume of blood composed of red blood cells (RBC's), contains hemoglobin (Hb), which is capable of carrying quantities of O2. Thus, the higher the hemoglobin concentration (Hb), the greater the capacity of blood to carry arterial oxygen, ultimately increasing aerobic performance. Similarly, blood volume (BV), whether too low or higher than is normal for the individual, also affects aerobic performance. The author notes that while reduced VO2 max (aerobic power) is a result of reduced Hb, and decreased VO2 max is accompanied by a lessening in aerobic performance, it is unclear whether QMax is affected. Though early studies of induced erythrocythemia are methodologically unsound, all these showed an increase in VO2 max and aerobic performance. More recent research indicates reinfusion of autologous freeze-preserved blood increases VO2 max and endurance. The author shows that BV alone is not as significant as Hb in determining VO2 max and aerobic performance. He suggests monitoring anemia sufferer's Hb and iron levels, correcting as needed. Since blood doping can significantly affect performance, it is banned from athletic competition, but cannot be detected.
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