Berger and Owen (1988) Stress reduction and mood enhancement in four exercise modes: swimming, body conditioning, Hatha yoga, and fencing

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Stress reduction and mood enhancement in four exercise modes: swimming, body conditioning, Hatha yoga, and fencing

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CONTRIBUTORS:

	Author:	Berger, B. G. (Bowling Green State University)
	Author:	Owen, D. R.

JOURNAL:

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport (RQES), 59(2), 148 - 159.

YEAR:

1988

PUB TYPE:

Journal Article

SUBJECT(S):

swimming; yoga; fencing; weight-training; psychology; emotion; stress; relaxation; stress-management

DISCIPLINE:

No discipline assigned

HTTP:

https://secure.sportquest.com/su.cfm?articleno=225674&title=225674

LANGUAGE:

English

PUB ID:

103-341-927 (Last edited on 2002/02/27 18:44:06 US/Mountain)

SPONSOR(S):

ABSTRACT:
The influence of exercise mode and practice qualities on the stress reduction benefits of exercise was examined. College students in swimming, body conditioning, hatha yoga, fencing, exercise, and lecture-control classes completed the Profile of Mood States and the State Anxiety Inventory before and after class on three occasions. Swimmers had unusually positive initial moods and reported less tension and confusion after swimming only on the first day of testing. Participants in yoga, an anaerobic activity that satisfied three of the four mode requirements, were significantly less anxious, tense, depressed, angry, fatigued, and confused after class than before on all three occasions. Supporting the importance of the four mode characteristics, participants in the exercise control activity of fencing reported improvements only in vigor. A possible influence of practice conditions was observed when members of the body conditioning class reported significant increases in fatigue, but no other mood changes. Results of this study supported the possibility that exercise mode and practice requirements in the proposed taxonomy moderate the stress reduction benefits. Examines the influence of exercise mode and practice qualities on the stress reduction benefits of exercise. College students n=170), who are voluntarily enrolled in swimming, body conditioning, hatha yoga, fencing, and lecture classes (control group) complete the Profile of Mood States and the State Anxiety Inventory on three occasions. Finds short-term mood benefits in all classes. Results suggest that exercise modes that encourage abdominal breathing and are non-competitive, predictable, and rhythmical are more stress reducing than those that are not. Practice considerations of frequency, intensity, and duration may enhance stress reduction.

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