Ungerleider, Golding, Porter and Foster (1989) An exploratory examination of cognitive strategies used by Masters track and field athletes. (Research note)

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An exploratory examination of cognitive strategies used by Masters track and field athletes. (Research note)

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CONTRIBUTORS:

	Author:	Ungerleider, S.
	Author:	Golding, J. M.
	Author:	Porter, K.
	Author:	Foster, J.

JOURNAL:

The Sport Psychologist, 3(3), 245 - 253.

YEAR:

1989

PUB TYPE:

Journal Article

SUBJECT(S):

track-and-field; Master-athlete; mental-training; method

DISCIPLINE:

No discipline assigned

HTTP:

https://secure.sportquest.com/su.cfm?articleno=264793&title=264793

LANGUAGE:

English

PUB ID:

103-341-120 (Last edited on 2002/02/27 18:44:01 US/Mountain)

SPONSOR(S):

ABSTRACT:
Although there is evidence that mental practice and associative strategies are associated with successful athletic performance (Feltz & Landers, 1983; Porter & Foster, 1986; Suinn, 1984, 1985; Ungerleider, 1985), little is known about the extent to which athletes actually use these techniques (Suinn, 1985). Hence, practicing sport psychology consultants have little information available as to the frequency that client athletes actually use such techniques. Similarly, little is known about the correlates of these techniques among athletes. The present study was designed to help rectify this situation by examining the use of mental practice and associative strategies by a large sample of Masters track and field athletes who participated in a national championship event. Also examined is the association of using these strategies with demographic characteristics, athletic background, other mental training strategies, and motivations for athletic participation. Examines the extent to which mental practice and associative strategies are used by a large sample of Masters track and field athletes (n=587) who participate in a national championship event. Also looks at how these strategies are associated with demographic characteristics, athletic background, other mental training strategies, and motivations for athletic participation. Subjects respond to a survey questionnaire. About 70% of the elite athletes report using mental rehearsal techniques, and 76% use associative strategies during competition. Younger runners, those with a history of injury, and those who practice relaxation are more likely to report using both types of cognitive strategies. Suggests that future research should further analyze the content of cognitive strategies used both before and during competition, as well as the process by which athletes alternate among various strategies.

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