Self-Efficacy Theory: use in the prediction of exercise behavior in the community setting
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ABSTRACT:
The purpose of this article was to report on studies that examined the use of Self-Efficacy Theory to investigate the exercise involvement of beginner and experienced paticipants in both structured and unstructured community-based exercise settings. In both of the studies reported, conceptual and methodological improvements based on Self-Efficacy Theory resulted in effective prediction of exercise intentions and attendance. These improvements concerned (a) the use of a nonstatic, prospective design, (b) assessments in different exercise settings, and (c) measurement of different aspects of self-efficacy for exercise. The results of these studies suggest that when predicting the involvement of community-based participants, both cognitive (i.e., self-efficacy) and behavioral (i.e., behavioral intention) factors contribute effectively to predictions. These findings not only support self-efficacy theory, they also underscore the importance of concept differentiation in measures and identify variables that could potentially be targets for change by social-cognitive intervention.
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