Janelle et al. (2000) Expertise differences in cortical activation and gaze behavior during rifle shooting

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Expertise differences in cortical activation and gaze behavior during rifle shooting

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CONTRIBUTORS:

	Author:	Janelle, C. M. (University of Florida)
	Author:	Hillman, C. H. (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
	Author:	Apparies, R. J.
	Author:	Murray, N. P.
	Author:	Meili, L.
	Author:	Fallon, E. A.
	Author:	Hatfield, B. D. (University of Maryland College Park)

JOURNAL:

Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology (JSEP), 22(2), 167 - 182.

YEAR:

2000

PUB TYPE:

Journal Article

SUBJECT(S):

smallbore-rifle; shooting-sport; cerebellum; electroencephalography; vision; behaviour; elite-athlete; novice-athlete; eye-movement; comparative-study

DISCIPLINE:

No discipline assigned

HTTP:

https://secure.sportquest.com/su.cfm?articleno=S-654799&title=S-654799

LANGUAGE:

English

PUB ID:

103-340-325 (Last edited on 2002/02/27 18:43:55 US/Mountain)

SPONSOR(S):

ABSTRACT:
The purpose of this study was to examine whether variability in gaze behavior and cortical activation would differentiate expert (n = 12) and nonexpert (n = 13) small-bore rifle shooters. Spectral-activity and eye-movement data were collected concurrently during the course of a regulation indoor sequence of 40 shots from the standing position. Experts exhibited significantly superior shooting performance as well as a significantly longer quiet eye period preceding shot execution than did nonexperts. Additionally, expertise interacted with hemispheric activation levels: Experts demonstrated a significant increase in left-hemisphere alpha and beta power, accompanied by a reduction in right-hemisphere alpha and beta power, during the preparatory period just prior to the shot. Nonexperts exhibited similar hemispheric asymmetry, but to a lesser extent than did experts. Findings suggest systematic expertise-related differences in ocular and cortical activity during the preparatory phase leading up to the trigger pull that reflects more optimal organization of the neural structures needed to achieve high-level performance.

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